Skip to content
IT_TOOLS_

/MITRE ATT&CK Reference

Quickly search and reference common MITRE ATT&CK tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs).

Local processing

This tool processes your input in your browser.

Command Palette

Search for a command to run...

Filters

Official MITRE matrix

Found 59 techniques

T1566Phishing

Initial Access

Adversaries may send phishing messages to gain access to victim systems.

Example:Sending an email with a malicious macro-enabled Word document.

T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Initial Access

Adversaries may attempt to take advantage of a weakness in an Internet-facing computer or program using software exploits.

Example:Exploiting a vulnerability in a web server (e.g., Log4Shell).

T1078Valid Accounts

Initial Access

Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access.

Example:Using leaked VPN credentials to log into the corporate network.

T1195Supply Chain Compromise

Initial Access

Adversaries may manipulate products or product delivery mechanisms prior to receipt.

Example:A trusted vendor update introduces a backdoor into the network.

T1059.001PowerShell

Execution

Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.

Example:Running a base64-encoded PowerShell script to download malware.

T1059.004Unix Shell

Execution

Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.

Example:Executing a malicious bash script via curl or wget.

T1047Windows Management Instrumentation

Execution

Adversaries may abuse WMI to execute malicious commands and payloads.

Example:Using wmic.exe process call create to launch a remote process.

T1204User Execution

Execution

Adversaries may rely on specific actions by a user in order to gain execution.

Example:A user double-clicks a malicious executable disguised as a PDF document.

T1543.003Windows Service

Persistence

Adversaries may create or modify Windows services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads.

Example:Installing a malicious Windows Service to run persistently as SYSTEM.

T1543.002Systemd Service

Persistence

Adversaries may create or modify systemd services to repeatedly execute malicious payloads.

Example:Creating a malicious systemd unit file in /etc/systemd/system/.

T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder

Persistence

Adversaries may configure system settings to automatically execute a program during system boot or logon.

Example:Adding a registry key to HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run.

T1505.003Web Shell

Persistence

Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access.

Example:Uploading a PHP web shell to an Apache server directory.

T1053.005Scheduled Task

Persistence

Adversaries may abuse the Windows Task Scheduler to perform task scheduling.

Example:Creating a Scheduled Task to run a script daily.

T1053.003Cron

Persistence

Adversaries may abuse the cron utility to perform task scheduling for persistence.

Example:Adding an entry to /var/spool/cron/crontabs/root to run a reverse shell.

T1548.002Bypass User Account Control

Privilege Escalation

Adversaries may bypass UAC mechanisms to elevate process privileges on system.

Example:Bypassing UAC using mock folders or DLL hijacking.

T1548.003Sudo and Sudo Caching

Privilege Escalation

Adversaries may perform sudo caching and/or use the sudoers file to elevate privileges.

Example:Using sudo to execute a binary that breaks out of restricted environments.

T1055Process Injection

Privilege Escalation

Adversaries may inject code into processes in order to evade process-based defenses as well as possibly elevate privileges.

Example:Injecting shellcode into explorer.exe or svchost.exe.

T1036Masquerading

Defense Evasion

Adversaries may attempt to manipulate features of their artifacts to make them appear legitimate or benign to users and/or security tools.

Example:Naming a malicious executable svchost.exe and running it from AppData.

T1562.001Disable or Modify Tools

Defense Impairment

Adversaries may impair defensive mechanisms by disabling or modifying security tools.

Example:Disabling Windows Defender or stopping the Sysmon service.

T1070.001Clear Windows Event Logs

Defense Evasion

Adversaries may clear Windows Event Logs to hide the activity of an intrusion.

Example:Clearing the Windows Security Event Logs using wevtutil cl Security.

T1070.002Clear Linux or Mac System Logs

Defense Evasion

Adversaries may clear system logs to hide the activity of an intrusion.

Example:Clearing or echoing an empty string into /var/log/auth.log.

T1070.003Clear Command History

Defense Evasion

Adversaries may clear the command history of a compromised account to hide the actions performed.

Example:Deleting the ~/.bash_history file or running history -c.

T1003.001LSASS Memory

Credential Access

Adversaries may attempt to access credential material stored in the process memory of the Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS).

Example:Dumping LSASS memory using Mimikatz or procdump to extract NTLM hashes.

T1003.008/etc/passwd and /etc/shadow

Credential Access

Adversaries may attempt to access the /etc/passwd and /etc/shadow files to discover credentials.

Example:Reading /etc/shadow to crack user passwords offline.

T1558Steal or Forge Kerberos Tickets

Credential Access

Adversaries may attempt to steal or forge Kerberos authentication tickets.

Example:Use the relevant sub-technique, such as T1558.003 for Kerberoasting.

T1110Brute Force

Credential Access

Adversaries may use brute force techniques to attempt access to accounts when passwords are unknown.

Example:Password spraying common passwords across all SSH users or Active Directory accounts.

T1555Credentials from Password Stores

Credential Access

Adversaries may search for common password storage locations to obtain user credentials.

Example:Extracting saved passwords from Google Chrome or Firefox databases.

T1016System Network Configuration Discovery

Discovery

Adversaries may look for details about the network configuration and settings.

Example:Running ipconfig /all or ip a to understand the local network.

T1083File and Directory Discovery

Discovery

Adversaries may enumerate files and directories or search specific locations.

Example:Searching for documents containing the word 'confidential'.

T1069.002Domain Groups

Discovery

Adversaries may attempt to find domain-level groups and permission settings.

Example:Querying LDAP to find all members of the Domain Admins group.

T1021.001Remote Desktop Protocol

Lateral Movement

Adversaries may use Valid Accounts to log into a service specifically designed to accept remote connections via RDP.

Example:Using RDP to connect to a domain controller using stolen credentials.

T1021.004SSH

Lateral Movement

Adversaries may use Valid Accounts to log into remote machines using Secure Shell (SSH).

Example:Using SSH to pivot from a compromised web server to an internal database server.

T1550.002Pass the Hash

Lateral Movement

Adversaries may use stolen password hashes to bypass normal authentication.

Example:Performing a Pass-the-Hash (PtH) attack to authenticate using an NTLM hash.

T1560Archive Collected Data

Collection

Adversaries may compress and/or encrypt data that is collected prior to exfiltration.

Example:Compressing a folder of sensitive documents into a password-protected ZIP/tar file.

T1071Application Layer Protocol

Command and Control

Adversaries may communicate using application layer protocols to avoid detection.

Example:Sending C2 beacons encapsulated within standard HTTP/HTTPS or DNS traffic.

T1105Ingress Tool Transfer

Command and Control

Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.

Example:Downloading a post-exploitation framework via curl or wget.

T1567Exfiltration Over Web Service

Exfiltration

Adversaries may use an existing, legitimate external Web service to exfiltrate data.

Example:Uploading stolen company databases to a MEGA or Dropbox account.

T1048Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol

Exfiltration

Adversaries may steal data by exfiltrating it over a different protocol than that of the C2 channel.

Example:Exfiltrating sensitive files via ICMP packets or DNS TXT queries.

T1486Data Encrypted for Impact

Impact

Adversaries may encrypt data on target systems to interrupt availability.

Example:Deploying Ransomware that encrypts all files and leaves a ransom note.

T1485Data Destruction

Impact

Adversaries may destroy data and files on specific systems.

Example:Using a wiper malware or permanently deleting financial databases.

T1098Account Manipulation

Persistence

Adversaries may manipulate accounts to maintain or elevate access to victim systems.

Example:Adding an adversary-controlled credential or group membership to preserve access.

T1558.003Kerberoasting

Credential Access

Adversaries may request service tickets and crack vulnerable service-account material offline.

Example:Requesting a TGS for an SPN and cracking the returned material offline.

T1555.003Credentials from Web Browsers

Credential Access

Adversaries may search web-browser data stores for credentials.

Example:Searching browser credential stores on a compromised endpoint.

T1135Network Share Discovery

Discovery

Adversaries may identify shared folders and drives on local or remote systems.

Example:Enumerating SMB shares before collection or lateral movement.

T1070.004File Deletion

Defense Evasion

Adversaries may delete files to remove artifacts or tools.

Example:Deleting a dropped payload after execution.

T1059.003Windows Command Shell

Execution

Adversaries may abuse cmd.exe and its commands for execution.

Example:Launching a command through cmd.exe.

T1071.004DNS

Command and Control

Adversaries may communicate using DNS to avoid or blend with normal traffic.

Example:Embedding beacon data in DNS queries.

T1204.001Malicious Link

Execution

Adversaries may rely on a user clicking a malicious link to gain execution.

Example:A victim follows a link to a fake authentication page.

T1204.002Malicious File

Execution

Adversaries may rely on a user opening a malicious file to gain execution.

Example:A victim opens a weaponized document or executable.

T1566.001Spearphishing Attachment

Initial Access

Adversaries may send spearphishing emails with malicious attachments.

Example:Delivering a weaponized document as an email attachment.

T1566.002Spearphishing Link

Initial Access

Adversaries may send spearphishing messages containing malicious links.

Example:Sending a link to a credential-harvesting page.

T1003.002Security Account Manager

Credential Access

Adversaries may obtain credentials from the Security Account Manager database.

Example:Accessing the SAM database to obtain local account hashes.

T1567.002Exfiltration to Cloud Storage

Exfiltration

Adversaries may exfiltrate data to a cloud storage service.

Example:Uploading collected archives to an external cloud-storage account.

T1204.004Malicious Copy and Paste

Execution

Adversaries may rely on a user copying and pasting malicious commands or content.

Example:Tricking a user into pasting a command into a shell.

T1595Active Scanning

Reconnaissance

Adversaries may scan victim-owned infrastructure to gather information for targeting.

Example:Scanning public IP ranges for exposed services before an intrusion.

T1592Gather Victim Host Information

Reconnaissance

Adversaries may gather information about victim hosts that can be used to plan targeting.

Example:Profiling public DNS, software and exposed service information.

T1583.001Acquire Infrastructure: Domains

Resource Development

Adversaries may buy or register domains to support operations.

Example:Registering a lookalike domain for phishing or command and control.

T1588Obtain Capabilities

Resource Development

Adversaries may obtain capabilities such as malware, exploits or credentials for use in operations.

Example:Acquiring an exploit or access broker service before an engagement.

T1497Virtualization/Sandbox Evasion

Stealth

Adversaries may detect analysis environments and change or suppress malicious behavior.

Example:Checking for virtual-machine artifacts before executing the payload.